The Aragon Network is a token-governed digital jurisdiction that focuses on creating the best conditions for true global indiscriminatory economic growth. Essentially, the Aragon Network is an ecosystem where organizations, entrepreneurs, and investors can efficiently and securely transact without risk of technical bugs or malicious parties.
Initially, Aragon Core will specialize in capitalist companies but is modular enough to accommodate other types of organizations. This paper first discusses the principles of an organization and the functions of Aragon Core. Finally, it defines the two principal services the Aragon Network should implement to ensure its success; a decentralized court solution and an upgrade mechanism.
The decentralized court solution will serve to arbitrate human conflict beyond what can be reasonably written in a smart contract.
The upgrade mechanism for Aragon Core organizations will facilitate useful upgrades needed to drive mainstream adoption by non-technical users. The Aragon Project is built on the progress made by thousands of individuals over the last decades. However, we would like to highlight the work of some individuals that have been highly influential to Aragon:. Early-access to the present paper was given to a number of individuals from the Ethereum and the broader Blockchain community.
Authors deeply thank and acknowledge the comments and criticisms that have made the design of the Aragon Network and this whitepaper as good as it is. In no particular order: Decentralized arbitration system for the Aragon Network B. Aragon Network smart contract security and upgradeability strategy.
Aragon is a dApp that lets anyone create and manage any kind of organization companies, open source projects, NGOs, foundations, hedge funds Aragon implements basic features of an organization like a cap table, token transfers, voting, role assignments, fundraising, and accounting. The behavior of an Aragon organization is easily customized by changing the bylaws.
In addition, Aragon organizations are extensible through third party modules that interact with the organizations' contracts. The properties of the Ethereum blockchain present unique opportunities for the creation and management of decentralized organizations, including immutability of records, transparency, and ethereum white paper github pull requests transactions.
But in order to satisfy multiple requirements that human beings need in order to transact and create value, a layer on top of it needs to be created to align the incentives of everyone participating in the system.
When designing Aragon Core, multiple issues were addressed that would deter most people from creating, running, or interacting with a decentralized organization. Smart contracts can encode most of ethereum white paper github pull requests possible breaches of contract, but there is always subjectivity in human relationships.
A unbiased arbitration system is needed for cases where conflict is not explicitly resolved in the smart contract code. The error is always between the chair and the keyboard. Code can contain bugs so the software needs to be easily upgradeable, and a sound bug bounty mechanism must exist to incentivize potential attackers to claim a bounty, rather than attack.
Monetization around certain protocols and systems is unclear at this point. Some players will be key to making organization possible, so a simple reward mechanism is needed. When considering the default dApp runner for Aragon, we considered the pros and cons of multiple options see figure 2. Even though Aragon Core currently runs on all the above configurations ethereum white paper github pull requests a pure ethereum white paper github pull requests, we have ultimately implemented the native Aragon app with an Electron wrapper for its intuitive installation and familiar user interface, and injected MetaMask because it provides the greatest control of the user experience.
We will be pushing it as the default Aragon experience, and we think it will be friendly for people who have never heard of Ethereum to be introduced to ethereum white paper github pull requests and be managing an Aragon Core organization in less than 15 minutes. Native Aragon app 0. Identity When issuing new tokens or paying an employee, the organization needs to know that the assets are sent to the correct person.
We are currently investigating other identity providers to integrate with Aragon, including uPort. We have published our thinking on managing identity in dApps in the Aragon blog [4]. Permissions Identity drives us to permissions. Example of some permissions could be:.
However, decentralized trustless or trust-reduced organizations can allow for much more flexible relationships of different individuals with the organization. Aragon organizations have customizable bylaws that allow for fine-grain customization into who can perform an action ie, an executive can add an employee to the payroll or what needs to happen ie, a voting needs to be approved to issue tokens before the action is allowed.
Reputation Reputation is very valuable in free markets. We want every interaction to be rated if wanted. This enables organizations to value the work of a contractor, for example, and the contractor to value the company. Since we have all the relationship audit trail in place, we can easily trace the interactions in order for the reviews to really be authentic.
This will be fully anonymous, if wanted. Onboarding When opening the app, you should be able to create an Ethereum account and safely back it up. Afterwards, you should either: The onboarding process should feel familiar to anyone, not only to the cryptocurrencies enthusiasts. That's why it should be that easy. Ownership Ownership in an Aragon Core organization is transparent and transferable. There are four transparent functions of ownership built into Aragon Core.
The organization can issue tokens with limited transferability according to a Vesting Calendar or a different criteria. It is important to note that all tokens issued will be compliant with the ERC20 token [5] standard. Capital Startup organizations need to be able to quickly raise capital. For a traditional startup, this would mean riding the VC unicorn rollercoaster, crowdfunding through a third party e. Kickstarterapplying for a business loan, or bothering friends, relatives, and connections for investments.
Aragon Core organizations can easily issue new shares in exchange for capital without operating with a third party, both through direct sales and public offerings. Rewards Hiring and paying employees is unnecessarily complicated. Aragon Core simplifies the process. The user interface will let the user choose the amount to pay, the frequency, the shares to reward, and the parameters. To make the process more efficient, rewards can be in any Ethereum based token using decentralized exchanges like the ones powered by the 0x protocol [6] or any cryptocurrency with solutions like Cosmos or Polkadot that enable inter-blockchain currency exchange.
If fiat is preferred, there will also be an option to generate ethereum white paper github pull requests credit cards with fiat from ethereum white paper github pull requests company's funds. Payment processor For incoming payments, clients will be able to buy cryptocurrencies that then can be converted to the entrepreneurs' currency choice by using services like ShapeShift.
After the user has acquired the cryptocurrency, the user will proceed to the payment. But for them, it will be a single step and everything will be transparently handled in the background. We foresee this as being the most common flow in the beginning, instead of users creating their ethereum white paper github pull requests right away. We will integrate with cryptocurrency exchanges and providers in order to provide a smooth user experience, similar to Stripe's. Accounting Accounting is fully built in, and we will eventually provide connections to third party ethereum white paper github pull requests services, in order not to reinvent the wheel.
Aragon Core is all of the required pieces to run an organization with the minimum principles for an organization see previous section for principle definitions on the Ethereum network. However, organizations have unique needs that may not be ethereum white paper github pull requests in the out-of-the-box Aragon Core software.
We also envision developers using Aragon Core as the foundation for use cases not related to creating and running an organization. Importantly, all modules can be coded using standard web technologies. This lets the developer use the tool they like, while keeping strong sandboxing and security in place. Aragon Core is where custom logic for organizational behavior lives. In summary, the main components of the Aragon Core application layer ethereum white paper github pull requests.
Each of these components work together to meet the principles of an efficient and fair organization in a decentralized way. In addition, the modular nature of the system enables Aragon Core organizations to customize the software to meet their unique needs, or retrofit Aragon Core to fit another application like voting for a political election. Aragon Core will implement a Module System so further functionality could be built on top. We believe a DAO should be defined at its minimum expression.
Ethereum white paper github pull requests is defined as an organization that only possesses the capability to successfully update itself [8]without losing its eternal identity. A core function of the kernel is to act as a registry that defines the organs and their respective priority levels. Thus, if a new organ is set to a priority level that already exists, it will replace the original organ. The kernel is also responsible for accepting different types of entry point transactions and dispatching them to the organs using a standard Ethereum white paper github pull requests.
The current entry-points supported by the kernel are:. Note that when the value transfer is in ether, the kernel will tokenize the ether in a standard token.
This allows the DAO to interact with any tokenized asset while only implementing the sensitive logic once instead of implementing ether and tokens separately. Finally, the kernel functions as a gatekeeper for new transaction requests. When the kernel receives a request, it asks the priority 1 organ whether the requested transaction is allowed by that entity.
If allowed, the kernel redirects the transaction to the priority 1 organ i. If not allowed, the transaction fails and terminates.
The dispatch organ — She acts I The dispatch organ determines if the requested transaction is allowed to be performed by the requestor. It contains the logic or asks an oracle at an upper level of the stack for the logic. As discussed in the previous section, the kernel asks for permission before performing any transactions. If the transaction is not permitted, the transaction fails. If permitted, the dispatch organ triages the request to the capable organ.
It determines the organ to execute the transaction by checking each organ, including ethereum white paper github pull requests, in order of priority. The transaction will be executed by the first organ with the capability to execute the transaction. It is responsible for updating both the root DAO reference to the kernel and the kernel organ registry. The vault organ — She owns The vault organ secures the funds and properties that the DAO owns token assets and controls the ability to spend them.
In addition, the token organ controls the logic for adding, replacing and removing tokens. Importantly, applications ran by this organ will have very little access to other organs for kernel and organ security i.
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