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If serum HCG is positive and do not have a pregnancy, means placenta not properly implanted in the uterus, then it may indicate:. Riaz Ahmad Bhutta Dr.
Naheed Afroz Syed, Dr. Your source for clinical lab test information. Indications To diagnose the pregnancy. To monitor the high-risk pregnancy. Used as a tumor marker. HCG level also used to monitor the therapy and progress of the disease. This can be used as a tumor marker for the placental tumors and germ cell tumor.
Precautions Negative test if done in the early stage of pregnancy. This is the false negative result. Avoid sample of hematuria and proteinuria which gives the false positive test. Hemolysis in the urine gives the wrong result. Maybe negative in the diluted urine, so morning sample is preferred. Take the history of drug use like diuretics and promethazine.
Drugs like anticonvulsant, tranquilizer, and hypnotics give the false positive result. Pathophysiology The HCG is produced by the placental trophoblastic cells. The HCG is glycoprotein and it is made of two subunits: The alpha subunit is same for all the glycoprotein while the beta unit is unique for HCG. This is excreted by the kidneys. HCG will appear in the pregnancy as early as 10 days after the conception and found in the serum and urine.
By one month the amount is same in the urine and serum. In the first few weeks of pregnancy, its level rises where serum level is higher than the urine level. This is a blood test to detect beta- HCG human chorionic gonadotropin , a hormone normally produced during pregnancy and some of the cancers. The intact molecule of HCG is more specific for pregnancy.
After delivery HCG normally detectable for 2 weeks. Persistence level of HCG means trophoblastic disease because in pregnancy there is the rise of HCG level during the first trimester and then falls from the peak level. HCG was detected by the following method: Biological where the urine was injected into a rabbit Now it is obsolete. An immunological method like agglutination inhibition test AIT. If serum HCG is positive and do not have a pregnancy, means placenta not properly implanted in the uterus, then it may indicate: Ectopic pregnancy Miscarriage Testicular cancer in men Trophoblastic Tumor.
Then double every three days between to Now double every 4 days above till the peak is near the end of the first trimester and is around , A hydatidiform mole of the uterus. Choriocarcinoma of the uterus. Germ cell tumor of ovary and testes choriocarcinoma, embryonal cell carcinoma, and teratoma. Other tumor-like Hepatoma and Lymphoma. Possible References Used Back to tests.
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