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A synonym is a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the same language. Words that are synonyms are said to be synonymous , and the state of being a synonym is called synonymy. For example, the words begin , start , commence , and initiate are all synonyms of one another. Words are typically synonymous in one particular sense: Synonyms with the exact same meaning share a seme or denotational sememe , whereas those with inexactly similar meanings share a broader denotational or connotational sememe and thus overlap within a semantic field.
The former are sometimes called cognitive synonyms and the latter, near-synonyms. Some lexicographers claim that no synonyms have exactly the same meaning in all contexts or social levels of language because etymology , orthography , phonic qualities, ambiguous meanings, usage, and so on make them unique. Different words that are similar in meaning usually differ for a reason: Synonyms are also a source of euphemisms.
Metonymy can sometimes be a form of synonymy: Thus a metonym is a type of synonym, and the word metonym is a hyponym of the word synonym. The analysis of synonymy, polysemy , hyponymy, and hypernymy is inherent to taxonomy and ontology in the information-science senses of those terms. It has applications in pedagogy and machine learning , because they rely on word-sense disambiguation.
Synonyms can be any part of speech , as long as both words belong to the same part of speech. Synonyms are defined with respect to certain senses of words: Such like, he expired means the same as he died , yet my passport has expired cannot be replaced by my passport has died.
Thus, today we have synonyms like the Norman-derived people , liberty and archer , and the Saxon-derived folk , freedom and bowman. For more examples, see the list of Germanic and Latinate equivalents in English.
A thesaurus lists similar or related words; these are often, but not always, synonyms. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the general meaning of "synonym". For other uses, see Synonym disambiguation. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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